An apicoectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove the tip of a tooth’s root and any surrounding infected tissue. It is usually done when a root canal treatment has failed or when an infection persists despite conventional root canal therapy. During the procedure, a small incision is made in the gum tissue to access the root tip. The infected tissue is removed, and the root end is sealed with a filling material. The gum is then sutured back in place. This procedure aims to save the tooth and prevent the need for extraction.